*** Please note that information in this article was correct at date of first publication (December 2015), but may have changed subsequently. Please use more up to date sources for the most recent information on emergency numbers ***
It used to be just 999 for the emergency services, but now there is a whole host of numbers we can use to summon help. But which is which, and when should we use them?
999 – The main emergency number
This is the emergency number for police, ambulance, fire brigade, coastguard, cliff rescue, mountain rescue, cave rescue, etc. Note the important word ‘EMERGENCY’. This number should be used only when urgent attendance by the emergency services is required – for example someone is seriously ill or injured, or a crime is in progress.
Calls are free, and 999 can be dialled from a locked mobile phone.
When you are looking for medical help and everywhere else seems closed (or busy), call NHS111 https://t.co/hb78dadWRR #NHS111 #openallhours #StayWellThisWinter pic.twitter.com/wiEtDVGTnk
— West Hampshire CCG (@WestHantsCCG) December 28, 2017
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112 – Another emergency number
This operates exactly the same as 999 and directs you to exactly the same emergency call centre. The important thing about 112 is that it will work on a mobile phone anywhere in the world. So on your next foreign holiday, you don’t need to make a note of the emergency number for the country you visit; you just need 112. Incidentally, a EU requirement is that emergency call centres must provide a translations service.
In the UK, 112 also works on landline phones, but I can’t say whether that is the case in other countries.
Calls are free and 112 can also be dialled from locked mobile phone.
101 – The non-emergency number for the police
Use 101 when you want to contact the police, but it’s not an emergency – i.e. an immediate response is not necessary and/or will not be serve any purpose.
For example, your car has been stolen, your property has been damaged, your home has been broken into.
A general rule is “if the crime is not currently in progress, use 101.” Yes, we would love an immediate response, but the police have to concentrate their emergency resources on where the criminals are now, not where they were two hours ago.
101 can also be used to give information about a crime committed, or to contact the police with a general enquiry.
Originally, calls were charged at a flat rate of 15 pence per call. This charge has now been abolished and calls are free.
You should always call 999 when it is an emergency, such as when a crime is in progress, someone suspected of a crime is nearby, when there is danger to life or when violence is being used or threatened
111 – The non-emergency medical number
This is available nationwide and replaced and expanded on the former NHS Direct service. Use this for illnesses and minor injuries where life isn’t threatened, but you would like some advice on what to do next.
Calls are free.
What if I need multiple emergency services?
If you need more than one emergency service, you only have to call one – and ask them to contact the others (they may ask you “do you require other services” and, depending on the incident, other services may be sent anyway).
A tip I was given recently is that if the incident is a fire, or some other type of dangerous environment, ask for the Fire and Rescue Service first – they will need to make it safe before any of the other emergency services can do anything.
112 vs. 999
Over the years I’ve heard quite a few amusing myths about the 112 service, such as:
-
- “You get a better response”:
No you don’t. 112 and 999 use exactly the same emergency call centre. The emergency operator probably doesn’t even know which number you dialled.
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- “Your location can be pinpointed”:
Not really, and not routinely. And even if it were, it would only provide an approximate location. If a phone signal is picked up by a network transmitter, it must be in the area covered by that transmitter. If a phone signal is picked up by two or more transmitters, it must be in the area that is covered by all of those transmitters. In a major city this area could be a few hundred square yards (perhaps the size of Trafalgar Square – and imagine trying to find someone in Trafalgar Square); elsewhere it might be a few square miles.
-
- “It will use a satellite if there is no phone signal”:
Come on, think about it. The signal from your phone is barely strong enough to reach a transmitter more than a few miles away – it’s hardly going to be able to communicate with a satellite a few hundred miles away.
Report #crime at the time
999 works even if u have no credit
101 costs 15p, not per minute, but per call pic.twitter.com/vXNyT71UUu
— Portsmouth Police (@PompeyPolice) June 15, 2015
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And finally, a few notes about calling the emergency services from a mobile phone.
If possible call the emergency services from a landline rather than a mobile phone.
A landline can be more easily traced (because it is attached to the end of a wire). Also, if you are near a county border, your mobile phone signal might be picked up by a mast in the next county and routed to that county’s emergency control room. Don’t worry – they will still help you; however there might be a delay while your call is relayed back to your home county.
If calling from a motorway, the Highway Code advice is to use the roadside phones.
The phones are never more than a mile apart, and the roadside markers (every 100 metres) will tell you in which directions is the nearest one. Incidentally, calling the emergency services is an occasion when it is not illegal to use a mobile phone while driving. However, it is still probably safer to find somewhere safe to park before making the call.
You MUST NOT use a hand-held mobile phone when driving, except to call 999 when it is unsafe or impractical to stop https://t.co/XVmOfOr9kp — The Highway Code (@HighwayCodeGB) July 16, 2015
You MUST NOT use a hand-held mobile phone, when driving or when supervising a learner driver, except in emergency. https://t.co/7yOlfJj8pU pic.twitter.com/xGivyrJrcU
— The Highway Code (@HighwayCodeGB) December 22, 2016
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Remember that calls to 999/112 are free.
They can also be made on a locked handset (don’t set your lock code to a number that starts with either 999 or 112 – you’ll never unlock it again!)
If you have no signal on your phone, you may still be able to make an emergency call.
The phone will use any available network, not just your one. That’s why some phones show “emergency calls only” sometimes – there is no signal from your phone’s provider, but there is a signal from another one.
Note: 999, 111, 101, 112? Emergency Numbers You Must Know is one of the most-read posts on Chandler’s Ford Today. This updated post is a revision of the post published on April 15, 2013.
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All useful information. Especially the bit about not using a mobile phone when supervising a learner driver. I didn’t know that – although it makes perfect sense.
I read recently that in Florida, although using a mobile phone while driving is also mileage, it is a “secondary offence”. This means that the police can’t book you unless you also commit a more serious offence – then they can add the phone usage to the charge sheet. There is a campaign to change the law on this one.
Incidentally, there is one further number that can be used in the event of an emergency, including the UK and I believe the rest of the world which is 911.
The internet is somewhat equivocal about this, which is why I didn’t include it. The best I can come up with is that some mobile phones will recognise 911 as an emergency number; land lines possibly won’t.
Unfortunately, being an emergency number, it’s not something that can easily be tried out!
911 was set up during the 2nd world war for American troops stationed in the UK, so I imagine you can use this from a land line
Not convinced, Dave, seeing as 999 was available only in London until after the war.
112 only works in the EU, not all over the world:
What is 112?
112 should dial the emergency services from most mobile phones in most countries of the world. It is part of the GSM standard. 112 (emergency telephone number) – Wikipedia
Additionally, 112 is also the pan-European emergency number and so, as Jane says, will work from any phone in any EU country.
And now there’s 105 for Power Cuts
But I’ve got a cordless phone, so it doesn’t work when there’s a power cut!
Use your mobile. Which also might not work!
We ALWAYS have a cheap plug-in non-cordless phone in a drawer. As our mobiles work through our broadband (no phone signal in our village) when the power goes off we lose ALL communication. Just plug the corded phone in and….hey presto….we have a phone!
And to clarify what counts as “driving” when using a hand-held phone: if you are behind the wheel and in traffic, you are driving. Even if stopped at traffic lights, or in a stationary queue. If you need to use your phone you must a) be in a recognised parking place, such as a lay-by or parking space and b) have the engine switched off.
And “driving” also applies if you are supervising a learner driver.
There’s been talk recently about increasing the penalty for using a phone when driving. Wouldn’t a better deterrent be to confiscate the phone?
Confiscating the phone? That is tough…
would be a more effective deterrent than fines and points, though.
Interesting info. I think one doesn’t even need a SIM card in the phone to make 999 calls.
I think you may be right.
Some smart phone even without SIM card, dialling 112 will connect to emergency services
In the UK, this statement is incorrect but hardly likely to be an issue (as it’s unlikely that you would have a phone, in the outdoors, without a SIM card)
Since the introduction of cross-network emergency calls in 2009, calls to 999/112 from phones without a SIM card were blocked
A SIM-less phone may display ‘Emergency Calls Only’, but that’s the phone’s software displaying the message. The UK network will still not allow a call.
The mobile network will not allow you to make a call from a phone without a SIM card
Dave, you are correct. The sim-less call ban was introduced as a result of too many traceless hoax calls.
You do need a sim card in the UK
Why is there no non emergency fire?
Say a fire lit by young adults in an woodland area not in proximity to houses or property.
That’s surly not a 999 case is it?
it could be because even a small fire has the ability to escalate rapidly, so all fires require an emergency response.
Surprising that a phone will call 999 without a sim card! It’s hard to tell what’s an emergency and what isn’t now 101 exists – is dangerous driving an emergency?
I’ve never really understood this train of thought. The guidance given by the emergency services and on this website is quite clear; if there is an immediate risk to life or limb, phone 999. If there isn’t, phone a non emergency number.
I didnt know that 112 exists until today. And your point about 999 using all network frequencies, surely network could combine to give us all a better reception anywhere we are. This is why i despise capitalism. A nationally owned and operated mobile network, with no profits is a far better scenario.
While the satellite call thing was a myth, emergency SOS texts via satellite is now a reality. Started with iPhone 14 and soon with android models.
Indeed it is. https://support.apple.com/en-gb/HT213426 gives details. As you say, will probably be available on non-fruit-flavoured devices in due course.
101 is FREE from all landlines and mobiles since 2020 — you should remove the quoted reference to 15p.