Tidy up fallen leaves from lawns, paths and beds to prevent rot and slippery surfaces. Compost them if dry. Protect tender plants with fleece, cloches, or straw. Bubble wrap pots (especially terracotta) to stop them cracking in frost. Check ties and supports after windy weather. Cut back
dead perennials if you haven’t already – or leave some seed heads for birds and winter interest.
Mulch borders with compost or well-rotted manure to protect roots and feed the soil. Plant bare-root roses, trees and shrubs while the ground isn’t frozen – they’ll establish well over winter.
Harvest leeks, parsnips, sprouts and kale as needed – they’ll sweeten after frost. Plan next year’s crops and rotate beds to avoid pests and disease build-up. Sow broad beans or garlic if soil conditions allow (use cloches or fleece for protection).
Feed the birds! Fat balls, seed, and fresh water help them through winter. Prune apple and pear trees on dry days. Inspect tree stakes and ties – loosen or replace as needed. Pile up logs and leaves to make cosy homes for hedgehogs and insects.
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